INBDE (Integrated National Board Dental Examination) Practice Exam

What term describes unchangeable background characteristics that increase the likelihood of disease, such as gender or genetics?

1. Risk Factor

2. Risk Determinant

3. Risk Indicator

4. Risk Marker

The correct answer is: Risk Determinant

A risk determinant refers to a background characteristic that cannot be changed and increases the risk of a disease. This differentiates it from a risk factor, which can be altered or treated to reduce the likelihood of developing a disease. A risk indicator is a measure that provides information about the likelihood of developing a disease, but may not directly contribute to its development. A risk marker is a biological or environmental sign that may indicate the presence of a disease, but is not considered to be a direct cause. Therefore, B is the most appropriate term to describe unchangeable background characteristics that increase the likelihood of disease.