INBDE (Integrated National Board Dental Examination) Practice Exam

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What must be present for porcelain to bond to the alloy?

  1. Monomolecular oxidative layer

  2. Hydrofluoric acid

  3. Sodium citrate

  4. Potassium sulfate

The correct answer is: Monomolecular oxidative layer

To effectively bond to an alloy, porcelain needs to form a monomolecular oxidative layer. This layer is formed by the reaction between the metal atoms and oxygen atoms found in the porcelain. This layer helps to create a strong and durable bond between the porcelain and the alloy. Option B, hydrofluoric acid, is not necessary for bonding porcelain to an alloy and can actually be harmful if not used properly. Option C, sodium citrate, is a derivative of citric acid and does not play a role in the bonding process. Option D, potassium sulfate, is a mineral salt that is not involved in the bonding process either. Therefore, the only correct option is A, a monomolecular oxidative layer.

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