INBDE (Integrated National Board Dental Examination) Practice Exam

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What is defined by the term 'Frankfort horizontal'?

porion-orbitale
nasion-amentale
glabella-occipitale
condyle-gnathion

The correct answer is: porion-orbitale

The term 'Frankfort horizontal' is a commonly used plane in dentistry and medicine for assessing facial and dental relationships. It is defined as a line that extends from the porion, which is the uppermost point of the external auditory meatus, to the orbitale, the lowest point on the inferior rim of the orbit. This reference plane is essential in craniofacial studies, cephalometric analysis, and determining the occlusal plane in prosthodontics. It is crucial for dentists to understand and utilize the Frankfort horizontal plane in treatment planning to ensure proper alignment and function of dental restorations. Option B, nasion-amentale, refers to a different reference plane connecting the midpoint of the nasion (the point at the frontonasal suture) and the lowest point on the mandibular symphysis (menton or gnathion). Option C, glabella-occipitale, does not represent a standard anatomical reference plane. Option D, condyle-gnathion, also does not correspond to a recognized craniofacial measurement plane.