INBDE (Integrated National Board Dental Examination) Practice Exam

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What does altering consequences in behavior modification involve?

Changing the environment to prevent a behavior
Using positive reinforcement after a desirable behavior
Punishing every instance of a behavior
Repeating a stimulus until a response diminishes

The correct answer is: Using positive reinforcement after a desirable behavior

Altering consequences in behavior modification involves using positive reinforcement after a desirable behavior. Positive reinforcement aims to increase the likelihood of a behavior being repeated in the future by providing a pleasant consequence after the behavior occurs. This form of reinforcement can be more effective in promoting desired behaviors compared to punishing undesirable behaviors, as it focuses on rewarding the positive rather than punishing the negative. Options A, C, and D are not the correct answers because they do not specifically address the concept of altering consequences through positive reinforcement for desired behavior. Option A involves changing the environment to prevent a behavior, not necessarily reinforcing a desirable behavior. Option C discusses punishing every instance of a behavior, which is not as effective or sustainable as utilizing positive reinforcement. Option D refers to repeating a stimulus until a response diminishes, which is more related to extinction rather than altering consequences in behavior modification through positive reinforcement.