INBDE (Integrated National Board Dental Examination) Practice Exam

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What disease results from Vitamin D deficiency in children?

osteomalacia
Rickets
Pellagra
Beriberi

The correct answer is: Rickets

Vitamin D deficiency in children can lead to rickets, a disease that causes soft, weak bones and skeletal deformities. Osteomalacia (A), on the other hand, is a similar condition that causes soft bones in adults. Pellagra (C) and beriberi (D) are both caused by a deficiency in other vitamins - pellagra is caused by a lack of niacin (vitamin B3) and beriberi is caused by a lack of thiamine (vitamin B1). These diseases do not result from a Vitamin D deficiency and can have different symptoms such as skin rashes (pellagra) or nerve damage (beriberi). Therefore, the correct answer is B, rickets, as it specifically results from a Vitamin D deficiency in children.