INBDE (Integrated National Board Dental Examination) Practice Exam

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What condition involves the hardening of skin, restricted opening, and uniform widening of PDL?

Pemphigus
Scleroderma
Stevens-Johnsons Syndrome
MEN 2B

The correct answer is: Scleroderma

Scleroderma is the correct answer because it is a condition characterized by the hardening of the skin due to excess collagen production, which can also affect internal organs. One of the manifestations of scleroderma in the oral cavity includes restricted mouth opening, which can lead to difficulties in speaking and eating. Additionally, scleroderma can cause a uniform widening of the periodontal ligament (PDL), which can be observed on dental radiographs. On the other hand, the incorrect options can be explained as follows: A. Pemphigus is a group of autoimmune diseases characterized by the formation of blisters on the skin and mucous membranes, not hardening of the skin or PDL changes. C. Stevens-Johnsons Syndrome is a severe skin reaction that can involve the mouth, but it is characterized by blistering, erosions, and detachment of the skin, not hardening or PDL changes. D. MEN 2B (Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 2B) is a rare genetic syndrome that predisposes individuals to certain types of tumors, but it is not associated with the manifestations described in the question.