INBDE (Integrated National Board Dental Examination) Practice Exam

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Unilateral action of the medial pterygoid results in?

ipsilateral excursion
protrusion
retrusion
contralateral excursion

The correct answer is: contralateral excursion

Unilateral action of the medial pterygoid results in contralateral excursion, not ipsilateral excursion, protrusion, or retrusion. This is because the medial pterygoid muscle is responsible for moving the mandible (lower jaw) laterally, away from the same side it is contracted on. Therefore, when one side contracts, the mandible moves towards the other side, which is considered contralateral excursion. Ipsilateral excursion would mean the mandible moves towards the same side, which is incorrect. Protrusion refers to the mandible moving forward, while retrusion refers to the mandible moving backward, and the medial pterygoid muscle is not responsible for these actions.