INBDE (Integrated National Board Dental Examination) Practice Exam

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Esophageal varices come from what most likely?

  1. Hematemesis

  2. Heartburn

  3. Achalasia

  4. GERD

The correct answer is: Hematemesis

Esophageal varices are dilated veins located in the lower part of the esophagus. They are typically caused by increased pressure in the portal vein system, which can occur in conditions such as liver cirrhosis. When these varices rupture, they can lead to significant bleeding into the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in a medical emergency known as hematemesis (vomiting of blood). Therefore, hematemesis is the most likely consequence of esophageal varices. Heartburn, achalasia, and GERD are not directly associated with the development of esophageal varices, making them incorrect choices in this context.

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